MAHALAYAM
MAHALAYAM period is considered to be the most important period in the year where we have to honour our departed kin through Sradhdham..
for MAHALAYAM we use Malayam as a slang.. The Mahalaya paksham starts as the fifth paksham after Aashaadam.. That corresponds usually with krishna paksha prathama after pournami in Kanni (Kanya solar month)..the start of Asvina month.in the northern lunar calendar ..
The Mahalaya Paksham is the fifteen or sixteen days as the case may be .. from the prathama after the Pournami in Kanni masam..
Some include the prathama after Mahalya Amavasya also in the Paksham..
The importance is Kannyaagate ravau.. and when the Sun trasits through the Hastam Nakshatram and Kanya Rashi is the Mahalya paksham..
This year Mahalaya paksha starts of 25th september.. and the Mahalaya amavasya is on 9th October..
The most important date of Mahalyam is the combination of Makam star and Trayodashi..
At least partially during the mahalaya pakshm Sun should be in Kanni rashi..
That is, the reckoning of Mahalayapaksham is as the fifth fifteen day period or Paksham counted from the beginning of Ashaadam..
that is two pakshams after Ashadam, two pakshams after shravanam gone and the fifth paksham , the krishna pakshma of Ashvinam .. which would overlap with our Tamil and malayalam months Purattashi or Kanni ..partiially.. and but the period of overlap can vary..
Anyway the fifth paksham after Ashaadam..
or the paksham starting after Pournami in Badraoadan
that is start of Ashvinam where the amavasya and the star Hastham coincide..
the Gajachaya period is the period where Sun is in Hastam star.. and the Gajachyam yogam is where the moon too trasits makha nakshatram..AND THAT IS THE MAHALAYA PERIOD ....( the Sun will transit in one star for about 13 and odd days.. )
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