pachai maamalai pol mene

Showing posts with label vikramarkacharitram. Show all posts
Showing posts with label vikramarkacharitram. Show all posts

Thursday, June 04, 2026

nothing can be more painful that meeting death



मर्तव्यमिति यद्दुःखं पुरुषस्योपजायते।
शक्यस्तेनानुमानेन परोऽपि परिरक्षितुम्॥
इन्दिश्चे स्प्रुचे २१२९ हितोपदेशे विक्रमाङ्कदेवचरिते
martavyamiti yadduḥkhaṁ puruṣasyopajāyate|
śakyastenānumānena paro'pi parirakṣitum||
indiśce spruce 2129 hitopadeśe vikramāṅkadevacarite

Maybe you have reached a stage where you have no choice but to face death. Just imagine the pain and trauma that will haunt you. If you can internalize that pain, then you would never wish death for even your staunch enemies. You would only attempt sincerely to avoid the killing of even an avowed enemy
Yes, this is the idea that instigates activists against capital punishment

Sunday, November 02, 2025

𝐯𝐢𝐫𝐭𝐮𝐞𝐬 𝐥𝐢𝐤𝐞 𝐰𝐢𝐥𝐥𝐢𝐧𝐠𝐧𝐞𝐬𝐬 𝐭𝐨 𝐬𝐚𝐜𝐫𝐢𝐟𝐞𝐜𝐞, 𝐤𝐧𝐨𝐰𝐥𝐞𝐝𝐠𝐞, 𝐬𝐭𝐫𝐞𝐧𝐠𝐭𝐡 𝐚𝐧𝐝 𝐜𝐨𝐮𝐫𝐚𝐠𝐞, 𝐝𝐨 𝐧𝐨𝐭 𝐠𝐞𝐭 𝐣𝐞𝐚𝐥𝐨𝐮𝐬 𝐨𝐟 𝐨𝐧𝐞 𝐚𝐧𝐨𝐭𝐡𝐞𝐫

 



त्यागो गुणो गुणशताभ्यधिको मतो मे विद्यापि भूषयति तं यदि किं ब्रवीमि।
शौर्यं च नाम यदि तत्र यदि नमोऽस्तु तस्मै तच्च त्रयं यदीर्ष्यति चित्रमेतत्॥
इन्दिश्चे स्प्रूचे १०७० विक्रमाङ्कदेवचरिते

tyāgo guṇo guṇaśatābhyadhiko mato me vidyāpi bhūṣayati taṁ yadi kiṁ bravīmi|
śauryaṁ ca nāma yadi tatra yadi namo'stu tasmai tacca trayaṁ yadīrṣyati citrametat||
indiśce sprūce 1070 vikramāṅkadevacarite

𝐓𝐡𝐞 𝐪𝐮𝐨𝐭𝐞 𝐢𝐬 𝐟𝐫𝐨𝐦 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐜𝐥𝐚𝐬𝐬𝐢𝐜 𝐕𝐢𝐤𝐫𝐚𝐦𝐚𝐧𝐤𝐚𝐝𝐞𝐯𝐚 𝐜𝐡𝐚𝐫𝐢𝐭𝐚𝐦.
𝐓𝐡𝐞 𝐬𝐩𝐞𝐚𝐤𝐞𝐫 𝐬𝐚𝐲𝐬
“𝐈𝐧 𝐦𝐲 𝐜𝐨𝐧𝐬𝐢𝐝𝐞𝐫𝐞𝐝 𝐨𝐩𝐢𝐧𝐢𝐨𝐧, 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐯𝐢𝐫𝐭𝐮𝐞 𝐨𝐟 𝐬𝐚𝐜𝐫𝐢𝐟𝐢𝐜𝐞, 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐰𝐢𝐥𝐥𝐢𝐧𝐠𝐧𝐞𝐬𝐬 𝐭𝐨 𝐬𝐚𝐜𝐫𝐢𝐟𝐢𝐜𝐞 𝐩𝐞𝐫𝐬𝐨𝐧𝐚𝐥 𝐢𝐧𝐭𝐞𝐫𝐞𝐬𝐭𝐬 𝐟𝐨𝐫 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐬𝐚𝐤𝐞 𝐨𝐟 𝐨𝐭𝐡𝐞𝐫𝐬 𝐨𝐫 𝐬𝐨𝐜𝐢𝐞𝐭𝐲 𝐢𝐧 𝐠𝐞𝐧𝐞𝐫𝐚𝐥, 𝐢𝐬 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐠𝐫𝐞𝐚𝐭𝐞𝐬𝐭 𝐟𝐫𝐨𝐦 𝐚𝐦𝐨𝐧𝐠 𝐡𝐮𝐧𝐝𝐫𝐞𝐝𝐬 𝐨𝐟 𝐯𝐢𝐫𝐭𝐮𝐞𝐬 𝐟𝐨𝐮𝐧𝐝 𝐢𝐧 𝐚 𝐦𝐚𝐧.

𝐈𝐟 𝐚 𝐩𝐞𝐫𝐬𝐨𝐧 𝐰𝐡𝐨 𝐢𝐬 𝐞𝐧𝐝𝐨𝐰𝐞𝐝 𝐰𝐢𝐭𝐡 𝐯𝐢𝐫𝐭𝐮𝐞𝐬 𝐥𝐢𝐤𝐞 𝐰𝐢𝐥𝐥𝐢𝐧𝐠𝐧𝐞𝐬𝐬 𝐭𝐨 𝐬𝐚𝐜𝐫𝐢𝐟𝐢𝐜𝐞 𝐢𝐬 𝐡𝐚𝐯𝐢𝐧𝐠 𝐩𝐫𝐨𝐩𝐞𝐫 𝐞𝐝𝐮𝐜𝐚𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧 𝐚𝐧𝐝 𝐢𝐬 𝐩𝐨𝐬𝐬𝐞𝐬𝐬𝐞𝐝 𝐨𝐟 𝐠𝐫𝐞𝐚𝐭 𝐤𝐧𝐨𝐰𝐥𝐞𝐝𝐠𝐞 𝐭𝐨𝐨, 𝐰𝐡𝐚𝐭 𝐦𝐨𝐫𝐞 𝐜𝐚𝐧 𝐈 𝐬𝐚𝐲 𝐢𝐧 𝐩𝐫𝐚𝐢𝐬𝐞 𝐨𝐟 𝐬𝐮𝐜𝐡 𝐚 𝐩𝐞𝐫𝐬𝐨𝐧?

𝐈𝐟 𝐚 𝐩𝐞𝐫𝐬𝐨𝐧 𝐰𝐢𝐭𝐡 𝐬𝐭𝐞𝐫𝐥𝐢𝐧𝐠 𝐪𝐮𝐚𝐥𝐢𝐭𝐢𝐞𝐬 𝐚𝐧𝐝 𝐯𝐢𝐫𝐭𝐮𝐞𝐬 𝐢𝐬 𝐛𝐥𝐞𝐬𝐬𝐞𝐝 𝐰𝐢𝐭𝐡 𝐬𝐭𝐫𝐞𝐧𝐠𝐭𝐡 𝐚𝐧𝐝 𝐜𝐨𝐮𝐫𝐚𝐠𝐞 𝐭𝐨𝐨, 𝐈 𝐡𝐚𝐯𝐞 𝐭𝐨 𝐨𝐟𝐟𝐞𝐫 𝐦𝐲 𝐩𝐫𝐚𝐧𝐚𝐦𝐬 𝐭𝐨 𝐡𝐢𝐦 𝐰𝐢𝐭𝐡𝐨𝐮𝐭 𝐚𝐧𝐲 𝐫𝐞𝐬𝐞𝐫𝐯𝐚𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧𝐬.

𝐀𝐧𝐝 𝐨𝐧𝐞 𝐛𝐞𝐚𝐮𝐭𝐢𝐟𝐮𝐥 𝐚𝐧𝐝 𝐡𝐞𝐚𝐭𝐞𝐧𝐢𝐧𝐠 𝐭𝐡𝐢𝐧𝐠 𝐢𝐬 𝐭𝐡𝐚𝐭 𝐯𝐢𝐫𝐭𝐮𝐞𝐬 𝐥𝐢𝐤𝐞 𝐰𝐢𝐥𝐥𝐢𝐧𝐠𝐧𝐞𝐬𝐬 𝐭𝐨 𝐬𝐚𝐜𝐫𝐢𝐟𝐞𝐜𝐞, 𝐤𝐧𝐨𝐰𝐥𝐞𝐝𝐠𝐞 𝐚𝐧𝐝 𝐞𝐫𝐮𝐝𝐢𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧 𝐚𝐧𝐝 𝐬𝐭𝐫𝐞𝐧𝐠𝐭𝐡 𝐚𝐧𝐝 𝐜𝐨𝐮𝐫𝐚𝐠𝐞, 𝐝𝐨 𝐧𝐨𝐭 𝐠𝐞𝐭 𝐣𝐞𝐚𝐥𝐨𝐮𝐬 𝐨𝐟 𝐨𝐧𝐞 𝐚𝐧𝐨𝐭𝐡𝐞𝐫, 𝐭𝐡𝐞𝐲 𝐝𝐨 𝐧𝐨𝐭 𝐜𝐨𝐧𝐟𝐥𝐢𝐜𝐭 𝐰𝐢𝐭𝐡 𝐨𝐧𝐞 𝐚𝐧𝐨𝐭𝐡𝐞𝐫. 𝐂𝐨𝐮𝐫𝐚𝐠𝐞, 𝐜𝐡𝐚𝐫𝐚𝐜𝐭𝐞𝐫 𝐚𝐧𝐝 𝐤𝐧𝐨𝐰𝐥𝐞𝐝𝐠𝐞 𝐰𝐨𝐮𝐥𝐝 𝐨𝐧𝐥𝐲 𝐬𝐮𝐩𝐩𝐥𝐞𝐦𝐞𝐧𝐭 𝐨𝐧𝐞 𝐚𝐧𝐨𝐭𝐡𝐞𝐫.”

𝐊 𝐯 𝐚
त्यागःwillingness to sacrifice, willingness to give up selflessly गुणः is a quality virtue गुण शताभिः from among hundreds of virtures अधिकः exceeds, superior to इति मे मतः भवति. it is my opinion त्यागादिभिः गुणैः with virtues like sacrifice युक्तं who is endowed with नरं person यदि if विद्या education, knowledge, erudition अपि too भूषयति decorates किं ब्रवीमि what more can I say ? if तत्र there शौर्यं strength valour च too दृश्यते is seen यदि चेत् if तस्मै for that नराय man नमः अस्तु my respects and pranams एतद् त्रयं ईर्ष्यति Sacrifice, Valour and education.. these three are never jealous of one another तत् चित्रं च that is wonderful too.

Wednesday, October 01, 2025

𝐀𝐧 𝐞𝐱𝐜𝐞𝐥𝐥𝐞𝐧𝐭 𝐜𝐡𝐞𝐜𝐤𝐥𝐢𝐬𝐭, 𝐚 𝐯𝐞𝐫𝐲 𝐜𝐚𝐭𝐜𝐡𝐲 𝐭𝐨-𝐝𝐨 𝐥𝐢𝐬𝐭

 



उद्यमः साहसं धैर्यं बलं बुद्धिः पराक्रमः।
षडेते यस्य तिष्ठन्ति तस्य देवोऽपि शङ्कते ॥
इन्दिश्चे स्प्रूचे ४६९ विक्रमाङ्कदेवचरिते
udyamaḥ sāhasaṁ dhairyaṁ balaṁ buddhiḥ parākramaḥ|
ṣaḍete yasya tiṣṭhanti tasya devo'pi śañkate||
indiśce sprūce 469 vikramāṅkadevacarite

𝐈𝐟 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐟𝐨𝐥𝐥𝐨𝐰𝐢𝐧𝐠 𝐬𝐢𝐱 𝐪𝐮𝐚𝐥𝐢𝐭𝐢𝐞𝐬 𝐚𝐫𝐞 𝐩𝐫𝐞𝐬𝐞𝐧𝐭 𝐢𝐧 𝐚𝐛𝐮𝐧𝐝𝐚𝐧𝐜𝐞 𝐢𝐧 𝐚 𝐩𝐞𝐫𝐬𝐨𝐧, 𝐞𝐯𝐞𝐧 𝐆𝐨𝐝𝐬 𝐰𝐢𝐥𝐥 𝐛𝐞 𝐜𝐚𝐮𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐮𝐬 𝐢𝐧 𝐭𝐡𝐞𝐢𝐫 𝐚𝐩𝐩𝐫𝐨𝐚𝐜𝐡 𝐭𝐨 𝐡𝐢𝐦, 𝐚𝐧𝐝 𝐟𝐨𝐫 𝐬𝐮𝐫𝐞, 𝐭𝐡𝐞𝐲 𝐰𝐨𝐮𝐥𝐝 𝐭𝐡𝐢𝐧𝐤 𝐭𝐰𝐢𝐜𝐞 𝐛𝐞𝐟𝐨𝐫𝐞 𝐚𝐭𝐭𝐞𝐦𝐩𝐭𝐢𝐧𝐠 𝐭𝐨 𝐭𝐡𝐰𝐚𝐫𝐭 𝐡𝐢𝐬 𝐚𝐜𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧𝐬 𝐚𝐧𝐝 𝐚𝐜𝐭𝐢𝐯𝐢𝐭𝐢𝐞𝐬.
𝐓𝐡𝐞 𝐬𝐢𝐱 𝐪𝐮𝐚𝐥𝐢𝐭𝐢𝐞𝐬 𝐚𝐫𝐞
𝟏. 𝐇𝐚𝐫𝐝 𝐰𝐨𝐫𝐤, 𝐫𝐞𝐚𝐝𝐢𝐧𝐞𝐬𝐬 𝐭𝐨 𝐞𝐧𝐠𝐚𝐠𝐞 𝐢𝐧 𝐚𝐜𝐭𝐢𝐯𝐢𝐭𝐢𝐞𝐬 𝐰𝐢𝐭𝐡𝐨𝐮𝐭 𝐚𝐧𝐲 𝐫𝐞𝐬𝐭, 𝐰𝐢𝐭𝐡𝐨𝐮𝐭 𝐚𝐧𝐲 𝐜𝐨𝐦𝐩𝐥𝐚𝐢𝐧𝐭
𝟐. 𝐁𝐨𝐥𝐝𝐧𝐞𝐬𝐬.. 𝐫𝐞𝐚𝐝𝐢𝐧𝐞𝐬𝐬 𝐭𝐨 𝐜𝐚𝐫𝐫𝐲 𝐨𝐧 𝐡𝐢𝐬 𝐚𝐜𝐭𝐢𝐯𝐢𝐭𝐢𝐞𝐬 𝐞𝐯𝐞𝐧 𝐰𝐡𝐢𝐥𝐞 𝐟𝐚𝐜𝐢𝐧𝐠 𝐠𝐫𝐞𝐚𝐭 𝐚𝐝𝐯𝐞𝐫𝐬𝐢𝐭𝐢𝐞𝐬
𝟑. 𝐏𝐞𝐫𝐬𝐞𝐯𝐞𝐫𝐞𝐧𝐜𝐞.. 𝐓𝐡𝐞 𝐜𝐚𝐩𝐚𝐜𝐢𝐭𝐲 𝐭𝐨 𝐜𝐨𝐧𝐭𝐢𝐧𝐮𝐞 𝐭𝐨 𝐰𝐨𝐫𝐤, 𝐞𝐯𝐞𝐧 𝐰𝐡𝐞𝐧 𝐦𝐨𝐫𝐞 𝐚𝐧𝐝 𝐦𝐨𝐫𝐞 𝐢𝐦𝐩𝐞𝐝𝐢𝐦𝐞𝐧𝐭𝐬 𝐚𝐧𝐝 𝐫𝐨𝐚𝐝𝐛𝐥𝐨𝐜𝐤𝐬 𝐚𝐫𝐞 𝐩𝐥𝐚𝐜𝐞𝐝 𝐛𝐞𝐟𝐨𝐫𝐞 𝐡𝐢𝐦
𝟒. 𝐓𝐡𝐞 𝐩𝐡𝐲𝐬𝐢𝐜𝐚𝐥 𝐚𝐧𝐝 𝐦𝐞𝐧𝐭𝐚𝐥 𝐬𝐭𝐫𝐞𝐧𝐠𝐭𝐡 𝐭𝐨 𝐛𝐞 𝐢𝐧 𝐚𝐜𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧 𝐮𝐧𝐝𝐞𝐫 𝐚𝐥𝐥 𝐜𝐢𝐫𝐜𝐮𝐦𝐬𝐭𝐚𝐧𝐜𝐞𝐬
𝟓. 𝐓𝐡𝐞 𝐢𝐧𝐭𝐞𝐥𝐥𝐢𝐠𝐞𝐧𝐜𝐞 𝐛𝐚𝐜𝐤𝐞𝐝 𝐮𝐩 𝐛𝐲 𝐤𝐧𝐨𝐰𝐥𝐞𝐝𝐠𝐞 𝐚𝐧𝐝 𝐞𝐱𝐩𝐞𝐫𝐢𝐞𝐧𝐜𝐞..𝐞𝐧𝐚𝐛𝐥𝐢𝐧𝐠 𝐡𝐢𝐦 𝐭𝐨 𝐡𝐚𝐧𝐝𝐥𝐞 𝐞𝐯𝐞𝐧 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐰𝐨𝐫𝐬𝐭 𝐬𝐢𝐭𝐮𝐚𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧𝐬
𝟔. 𝐓𝐡𝐞 𝐢𝐧𝐢𝐭𝐢𝐚𝐭𝐢𝐯𝐞, 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐚𝐭𝐭𝐢𝐭𝐮𝐝𝐞 𝐭𝐡𝐚𝐭 𝐰𝐨𝐮𝐥𝐝 𝐞𝐧𝐚𝐛𝐥𝐞 𝐡𝐢𝐦 𝐭𝐨 𝐜𝐨𝐧𝐟𝐫𝐨𝐧𝐭 𝐚𝐧𝐲 𝐚𝐝𝐯𝐞𝐫𝐬𝐢𝐭𝐲 𝐨𝐧 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐟𝐚𝐜𝐞, 𝐩𝐞𝐫𝐡𝐚𝐩𝐬 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐫𝐞𝐚𝐝𝐢𝐧𝐞𝐬𝐬 𝐭𝐨 𝐟𝐨𝐫𝐞𝐬𝐞𝐞 𝐚𝐧𝐝 𝐩𝐞𝐫𝐡𝐚𝐩𝐬 𝐩𝐫𝐞𝐯𝐞𝐧𝐭 𝐨𝐫 𝐰𝐞𝐚𝐤𝐞𝐧 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐞𝐟𝐟𝐞𝐜𝐭𝐬 𝐨𝐟 𝐚𝐝𝐯𝐞𝐫𝐬𝐢𝐭𝐢𝐞𝐬 𝐭𝐡𝐚𝐭 𝐰𝐨𝐮𝐥𝐝 𝐚𝐫𝐢𝐬𝐞.
𝐅𝐫𝐨𝐦 𝐯𝐢𝐤𝐫𝐚𝐦𝐚𝐚𝐧𝐤𝐚𝐝𝐞𝐯𝐚 𝐜𝐡𝐚𝐫𝐢𝐭𝐚

𝐀𝐧 𝐞𝐱𝐜𝐞𝐥𝐥𝐞𝐧𝐭 𝐜𝐡𝐞𝐜𝐤𝐥𝐢𝐬𝐭, 𝐚 𝐯𝐞𝐫𝐲 𝐜𝐚𝐭𝐜𝐡𝐲 𝐭𝐨-𝐝𝐨 𝐥𝐢𝐬𝐭 𝐞𝐯𝐞𝐧 𝐟𝐨𝐫 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐦𝐨𝐬𝐭 𝐦𝐨𝐝𝐞𝐫𝐧 𝐦𝐚𝐧𝐚𝐠𝐞𝐦𝐞𝐧𝐭 𝐠𝐮𝐫𝐮
𝐤𝐯𝐚
यस्य in whom उद्यमःhard work साहसः audacity धैर्यं perseverance बलं strength बुद्धिःintelligence पराक्रमः courage to attack and win इतिthus एते these षड् तिष्ठन्ति six qualities keep company तस्य about him देवः God अपि even शङ्कते is careful, is apprehensive to oppose

Saturday, June 14, 2025

Our happiness or misery arise essessntially when we see happiness or sorrow in others.



यो दुःखितानि भूतानि दृष्ट्वा भवति दुःखितः। 
सुखितानि सुखी वापि स धर्मं वेद नैष्ठिकम्॥ 
इन्दिश्चे स्प्रूचे ५५९५ २५३३ विक्र्माङ्कदेवचरिते
yo duḥkhitāni bhūtāni dṛṣṭvā bhavati duḥhitaḥ| 
sukhitāni sukhī vāpi sa dharmaṁ veda naiṣṭhikam|| 
ndiśce sprūce 5595 (2533) vikrmāṅkadevacarite

A human being who becomes sad when he sees fellow humans suffer, and who would celebrate heartily when all people around are happy, is the one who has understood Dharma or law of righteousness in letter and spirit.
We human beings are not islands or beings living in isolation. Our happiness or misery arise essessntially when we see happiness or sorrow in others. If a fellow feels happiness or cruel satisfaction when he sees misery in others, then he is just sick, he requires treatment.
 
यः who, a person दुःखितानि in grief भूतानि beings दृष्ट्वा having seen दुःखितः भवति. Becomes sad सुखितानि in happiness, in comfort दृष्ट्वा seeing सुखी happy अपि too भवति वा becomes, in turn . सःhe नैष्टिकं in the proper sence, in depth धर्मं वेद understands the law of propriety, Dharma

Friday, June 06, 2025

No one can ever overcome the dictates of fate



माता लक्ष्मी पिता विष्णुः स्वयमेव विषमायुधः।
तथापि शम्भुना दग्धः प्राकृतं केन लङ्घ्यते॥
इन्दिश्चे स्प्रुचे २१६९ विक्रमाङ्कदेवचरिते
mātā lakṣmī pitā viṣṇuḥ svayameva viṣamāyudhaḥ|
 tathāpi śambhunā dagdhaḥ prākṛtaṁ kena laṅghyate||
indiśce spruce 2169 vikramāṅkadevacarite
Kamadeva, the Lord of Love is the beloved son of Devi Lakshmi and the Supreme Lord Vishnu. He was armed with five arrows..made of flowers—and they could defeat almost anyone. Still when he meddled with Lord Shiva, Kama was burned down to ashes. No one can ever overcome the dictates of fate.

Tuesday, April 09, 2024

इत्येतत्सर्वं निष्फलं भवति



मन्त्रिणा विना राज्यं
धान्यं विना दुर्गं
कारुण्यं विना सौभाग्यं
ज्ञानं विना वैराग्यं
दुर्जनानां शक्तिः
पाषण्डानां मतिः
खलानां मैत्री
पराधीनस्य स्वातन्त्र्यं
निर्धनस्याटोपः
सेवकस्य कोपं
मूर्खाणां सङ्गतिः
इत्येतत्सर्वं निष्फलं भवति
विक्रमार्कचरिते॥
mantriṇā vinā rājyaṁ
dhānyaṁ vinā durgaṁ
kāruṇyaṁ vinā saubhāgyaṁ
jñānaṁ vinā vairāgyaṁ
durjanānāṁ śaktiḥ
pāṣaṇḍānāṁ matiḥ
khalānāṁ maitrī
parādhīnasya svātantryaṁ
nirdhanasyāṭopaḥ
sevakasya kopaṁ
mūrkhāṇāṁ saṅgatiḥ
ityetatsarvaṁ niṣphalaṁ bhavati
vikramārkacarite||
A quote from the Vikramarka or Vikramanka charitra or Bilhana..
Meaning
====================
A country or kingdom without wise ministers
A fort without adequate stock of foodgrains
Affluence and physical attractiveness without kindness and concern for others
Renunciation without proper knowledge and insight
Raw power in the hands of bad people
The intellect and rhetorics of religious bigots
Friendship with wicked men who pose as good
The freedom to move and work given to slaves
Show of pomp by an indigent or poor person
Show of anger by a menial or servant
Company with idiots
All these are of no use at all. They will yield nothing . If at all many of these situations can cause destruction or embarrassment and loss
==========================
The words speak for themselves.. No explanation seems to be necessary.. And if one starts explaining, one can write a thesis on each issue..